Extension of Established Marine Pests

​​Northern Pacific Seastar (Asterias amurensis)

Northern Pacific Seastar (Asterias amurensis)

​​​Key features

​The Northern pacific seastar is an Australian Priority Marine Pest.

Key features of the Northern pacific seastar include:

  • five arms with pointed unpturned tips​

  • yellow or orange with purple markings, yellow underneath

  • up to 50 cm across when fully grown.

Impacts

The Northern pacific seastar:​

  • is an aggressive predator of native and commercial species including mussels, oysters and scallops.

  • harms biodiversity, aquaculture and fisheries.

Habitat

  • ​bays, estuaries and reefs from high tide mark to 200 m deep

  • found in a range of habitats including mud, sand, seagrass, mussel beds, artificial structures (marinas, ports, etc.), rock pools and rocky reefs.

​Distribution

The Northern pacific seastar:

  • is an established pest in Tasmania and Victoria

  • was first introduced into Tasmania in the 1980s

  • has been recorded from Banks Strait in the north of Tasmania to Recherche Bay in the south. The highest population densities are found in sheltered bays in south east Tasmania, particularly the Derwent Estuary.

​Further information on the Northern pacific seastar can be found on NIMPIS.


Asian Kelp / Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida)

Asian Kelp / Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida)

​Key features

​The Wakame is an Australian Priority Marine Pest.

Key features of Wakame include:

  • ​green to golden-brown colour

  • smooth, thin blades that stop well before the kelp's base

  • obvious strap-like midrib along length of blade

  • ruffle near base

  • up to 1 m long, but can be 3 m

  • usually found in cooler months.

​Impacts

​The Wakame:

  • can quickly overgrow and exclude native algal species

  • can damage aquaculture.

Habitat

  • ​shores and shallow waters, from low tide up to 20 m deep

  • sheltered, rocky areas, reef, artificial structures (marinas, moorings, etc.) and aquaculture equipment.

Distribution

The Wakame:

  • is an established pest in Tasmania and Victoria

  • was first reported from eastern Tasmania in 1988, but may have been present since 1982

  • is a common species along the east coast of Tasmania, growing in large numbers around areas in which sea urchins have depleted stands of native algae.

Further information on Asian kelp / Wakame can be found on NIMPIS​.


European Green Crab (Carcinus maenas)

European Green Crab (Carcinus maenas)

​Key features

​The European green crab (also known as the European shore crab) is an Australian Priority Marine Pest.

Key features of the European green crab include:

  • green or brown shell with pale orange underside

  • five spines on each side of eyes

  • back legs are sharp and slightly flattened at tips

  • ​no swimming paddles on back legs

  • smooth shell, up to 7 cm wide.

​Impacts

The European green crab:

  • is an aggressive predator of native and commercial species

  • competes with native species for food and space

  • can alter the structure of benthos, eelgrass and bivalve communities through burrowing and feeding activities.

Habitat

  • burrows in mud or sand

  • shores and shallow water, up to 60 m deep

  • found in sheltered estuaries and bays, mudflats and rocky reefs.

​​Distribution

​The European green crab:

  • is an established pest in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia

  • was first reported in Tasmania in 1993

  • is found on the northern and eastern borders of Tasmania, including Georges Bay, Henderson Lagoon, Little Swanport, Maria Island and Blackmans Bay. Localised range expansions have been recorded, including on the western coast of Tasmania.

Further information on the European green crab can be found on NIMPIS.


​​Soft-Shelled Clam (Mya spp.)

Soft-Shelled Clam (Mya)

​Key features

Key features of the Soft-shelled clam include:

  • chalky white, rough shell

  • shells may be discoloured in black or red mud

  • thin, brittle, oval-shaped shell

  • different shells - one has a large scooped out projection at the hinge, the other has a pit

  • gapes at both ends when closed

  • uneven growth lines

  • grows up to 15 cm

  • both species (Mya arenaria and Mya japonica) are very similar.

​Impacts

​The Soft-shelled clam:

  • competes with native clams for space

  • can reduce food availability for oysters, mussels and scallops

  • can change the characteristics of sediments and the composition of bottom-dwelling communities.

​Habitat

  • ​shores and shallow areas

  • buried in sand, mud and gravel - can burrow up to 50 cm deep.

​Distribution

The Soft-shelled clam is an established pest in eastern Tasmania.

​Further information on the Soft-shelled clam can be found on NIMPIS.


Pacific Oyster (Magallana gigas)

Image of a Pacific Oyster

​Key features

​Ke​y features of the Pacific oyster include:

  • white and purple elongated shell

  • around 15 to 20 cm long

  • highly variable shell shape - can make identification challenging.

​Impacts

​The Pacific oyster:

  • competes wi​th native species for food and space

  • modifies ecosystems.

Habitat

  • shores and shallow waters up to 3 m deep

  • attach to almost any hard surface in sheltered waters.

Distribution

​The Pacific oyster was intentionally introduced to southern Tasmania in the mid-1990s and is now a well established pest.

​Further information on the Pacific oyster can be found on NIMPIS​.​


Report a marine pest sighting

Grey box describing how to report something unsual to Biosecurity Tasmania

If you think you've seen a marine pest that is not known to the location:

  1. Record the location through a screen-shot of your location on a map, or the exact address, or GPS coordinates, or enable geo-tagging on your camera.

  2. Take a photograph of the suspected marine pest. If possible: take multiple photos from different angles; include an object for size reference; take a photo in situ, including some habitat.

  3. Report the sighting to the Invasive Species Branch.​

Contact

Invasive Species Branch